Jordan

Region:
 

Classification of economies by geographic region is based on that of the United Nations Statistics Division.

 

Based on the income levels set out by the World Economic Forum (WEF) in its Global Competitiveness Report. However, the groupings are slightly different due to the numbers of economies covered. For GEM, the low income group contains both those classified as low income and lower middle by WEF, and the middle income group has those that WEF groups as upper middle. High income is the same for both GEM and WEF.

Population:
 

Population data is from the World Bank, except Palestinian Territories World Population Review and Taiwan Worldometers

GDP Growth:
 

GDP growth data is from the World Economic Outlook Database, except Palestinian Territories Worldometers

GDP Per Capita:
 

GDP per capita data is from the World Economic Outlook Database, except Palestinian Territories Worldometers

Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Attitudes

Most recent data: 2024
  • Jordan 2024
  • Jordan 2023
  • Global Average
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average

Self-Perceptions

  • 1
     
    Perceived Opportunities Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who see good opportunities to start a firm in the area where they live
  • 2
     
    Perceived Capabilities Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who believe they have the required skills and knowledge to start a business
  • 3
     
    Fear of Failure Rate*:Percentage of the 18–64 population who agree that they see good opportunities but would not start a business for fear it might fail. NOTE: this is a percentage of those seeing good opportunities, and not the total adult population
  • 4
     
    Entrepreneurial Intentions Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who are latent entrepreneurs and who intend to start a business within three years
  • 1. Perceived Opportunities Rate
  • 2. Perceived Capabilities Rate
  • 3. Fear of Failure Rate*
  • 4. Entrepreneurial Intentations Rate:

Activity

  • 1
     
    Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA):Percentage of 18-64 population who are either a nascent entrepreneur or owner-manager of a new business
  • 2
     
    Established Business Ownership Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who are currently an owner-manager of an established business, i.e., owning and managing a running business that has paid salaries, wages, or any other payments to the owners for more than 42 months
  • 3
     
    Entrepreneurial Employee Activity Rate:Rate of involvement of employees in entrepreneurial activities, such as developing or launching new goods or services, or setting up a new business unit, a new establishment or subsidiary
  • 1. Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA)
  • 2. Established Business Ownership Rate
  • 3. Entrepreneurial Employee Activity Rate

Motivations

  • 1
     
    Motivational Index:Percentage of those involved in TEA that are improvement-driven opportunity motivated, divided by the percentage of TEA that is necessity-motivated
  • 1. Motivational Index

Gender Equity

  • 1
     
    Female/Male TEA Ratio:Percentage of female 18-64 population who are either a nascent entrepreneur or owner-manager of a 'new business', divided by the equivalent percentage for their male counterparts
  • 2
     
    Female/Male Opportunity-Driven TEA Ratio:Percentage of those females involved in TEA who (i) claim to be driven by opportunity as opposed to finding no other option for work; and (ii) who indicate the main driver for being involved in this opportunity is being independent or increasing their income, rather than just maintaining their income, divided by the equivalent percentage for their male counterparts
  • 1. Female/Male TEA Ratio
  • 2. Female/Male Opportunity-Driven TEA Ratio

Impact

  • 1
     
    High Job Creation Expectation Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA who expect to create 6 or more jobs in 5 years
  • 2
     
    Innovation Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA who indicate that their product or service is new to at least some customers AND that few/no businesses offer the same product
  • 3
     
    Business Services Sector Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA in the 'Business Services' sector - Information and Communication, Financial Intermediation and Real Estate, Professional Services or Administrative Services, as defined by the ISIC 4.0 Business Type Codebook
  • 1. High Job Creation Expectation Rate
  • 2. Innovation Rate
  • 3. Business Services Sector Rate

Societal Values

  • 1
     
    High Status to Successful Entrepreneurs Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who agree with the statement that in their country, successful entrepreneurs receive high status
  • 2
     
    Entrepreneurship as a Good Career Choice Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who agree with the statement that in their country, most people consider starting a business as a desirable career choice
  • 1. High Status to Successful Entrepreneurs Rate
  • 2. Entrepreneurship as a Good Career Choice Rate

Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions

Most recent data: 2024

Expert Ratings: 1 = highly insufficient, 5 = highly sufficient

  • Jordan 2024
  • Jordan 2023
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average
  • Global Average
  • Jordan 2024
  • Jordan 2023
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average
  • Global Average

N/A

Jordan Reports

Name
Report information
pdf
  • Year of publication: 2025
  • Category: National Reports
  • Language: Arabic
  • Upload date: 2025-06-23

  • يعرض هذا التقرير أبرز نتائج التقرير الوطني للأردن لعام 2024/2025 ضمن مرصد ريادة الأعمال العالمي (GEM)، حيث يقدّم تحليلاً معمقًا لنشاط ريادة الأعمال والظروف التمكينية والتحديات في الأردن. في عام 2024، شمل المسح الوطني 2042 شخصًا بالغًا و40 خبيرًا وطنيًا. وأظهرت النتائج زيادة بنسبة 34% في النشاط الريادي المبكر (TEA)، مدفوعًا بتضاعف عدد الشركات الناشئة. في المقابل، شهدت نسبة أصحاب الأعمال المستقرة (EBO) انخفاضًا، ما يثير القلق بشأن استدامة المشاريع على المدى الطويل. ومن الجوانب اللافتة أيضًا، ارتفاع مشاركة النساء في TEA من 11% إلى 20%، وهو ما يعكس أثر المبادرات الداعمة لريادة الأعمال النسائية. أظهر التقرير تحسّنًا في بعض جوانب البيئة التمكينية مثل البنية التحتية وبرامج الحكومة، كما سجّل الأردن أداءً جيدًا في مؤشر البيئة الوطنية لريادة الأعمال (NECI). مع ذلك، لا تزال هناك تحديات بارزة في مجالات مثل الحصول على التمويل، ونقل التكنولوجيا، واستمرارية الأعمال على المدى الطويل. يقدّم التقرير مجموعة من التوصيات ذات الطابع السياساتي تُسهم في دعم تنفيذ السياسة الوطنية لريادة الأعمال. وتتناول هذه التوصيات سبل تعزيز رأس المال البشري، وتعزيز ريادة الأعمال الشاملة، وتحفيز الابتكار والنمو المستدام. ويهدف التقرير إلى أن يكون مرجعًا عمليًا لصنّاع القرار والمعنيين في تطوير بيئة ريادة الأعمال في المملكة. This report presents the key findings of the GEM Jordan National Report 2024/2025, offering an in-depth analysis of entrepreneurial activity, enabling conditions, and challenges in Jordan. In 2024, Jordan surveyed 2,042 adults and 40 national experts. Results show a 34% increase in Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA), driven by a doubling of startup activity. However, there has been a decline in Established Business Ownership (EBO), signaling concerns over business sustainability. Notably, female participation in TEA jumped from 11% to 20%, reflecting positive momentum in supporting women entrepreneurs. The report also shows improved conditions in physical infrastructure and government entrepreneurship programs, as reflected in Jordan’s standing in the National Entrepreneurship Context Index (NECI). Yet, challenges persist in areas such as access to finance, R&D transfer, and long-term business survival. The report presents a set of policy-oriented recommendations that support the implementation of Jordan’s National Entrepreneurship Policy. These recommendations relate to enhancing human capital, promoting inclusive entrepreneurship, and fostering innovation and sustainable growth. The report is intended to serve as a practical reference for decision-makers and ecosystem stakeholders working to strengthen the entrepreneurship environment in the Kingdom.
  • URL: https://www.gemconsortium.org/index.php/report/51665
 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)- Jordan National Report 2024/2025 (Arabic)
Report information
pdf
  • Year of publication: 2025
  • Category: National Reports
  • Language: English
  • Upload date: 2025-06-23

  • This report presents the key findings of the GEM Jordan National Report 2024/2025, offering an in-depth analysis of entrepreneurial activity, enabling conditions, and challenges in Jordan. In 2024, Jordan surveyed 2,042 adults and 40 national experts. Results show a 34% increase in Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA), driven by a doubling of startup activity. However, there has been a decline in Established Business Ownership (EBO), signaling concerns over business sustainability. Notably, female participation in TEA jumped from 11% to 20%, reflecting positive momentum in supporting women entrepreneurs. The report also shows improved conditions in physical infrastructure and government entrepreneurship programs, as reflected in Jordan’s standing in the National Entrepreneurship Context Index (NECI). Yet, challenges persist in areas such as access to finance, R&D transfer, and long-term business survival. The report presents a set of policy-oriented recommendations that support the implementation of Jordan’s National Entrepreneurship Policy. These recommendations relate to enhancing human capital, promoting inclusive entrepreneurship, and fostering innovation and sustainable growth. The report is intended to serve as a practical reference for decision-makers and ecosystem stakeholders working to strengthen the entrepreneurship environment in the Kingdom.
  • URL: https://www.gemconsortium.org/index.php/report/51666
 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor(GEM)-Jordan National Report 2024/2025
Report information
pdf
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)-Jordan 2024/2025-Brochure (Arabic)
Report information
pdf
Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)-Jordan 2024/2025-Brochure
Report information
pdf
GEM Jordan National Report 2023/2024
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